Mutungamiri weRussia Vladimir Putin Vanobatana neVolodymyr Zelenskyy yeDonald Trump Ceasefire Plan pakati peRussia neUkraine, Zvichawedzera sei Boost Tourism Sector.

NeChishanu, Kurume 14, 2025

Chibvumirano chinogona kumisa mhirizhonga pakati pemutungamiri weRussia, VaVladimir Putin, nemutungamiri weUkraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, chichitsigirwa nevaimbove mutungamiri weAmerica, VaDonald Trump, chaunza tariro yekudzoreredza kugadzikana mudunhu iri. Kana zvikabudirira, kumisa kurwa uku kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro inosvika kure, kunyanya paindasitiri yekushanya muRussia neUkraine.

Hondo yakaderedza kushanya, nenyika mbiri dziri kutambura nekudzikira kwevanosvika kune dzimwe nyika uye kusagadzikana kwakanyanya kwehupfumi. Kudzoka kwerunyararo kwaizovhura musuwo wekupora mukushanya, nevashanyi zvakare vanokwanisa kushanyira nzvimbo dzemifananidzo muKyiv, Moscow, St. Petersburg, uye mhiri. Putin's Ukraine zano uye kumisa kurwisana kunogona kuvhura nzira yekuti nyika mbiri idzi dzigadzirise nzvimbo dzadzo senzvimbo dzakakosha dzekuEurope. Sezvo kunetsana kuri kupera, chikamu chekushanya chinogona kunge chiri chimwe cheindasitiri inokurumidza kupora, ichibatsira hupfumi hwenzvimbo uye nharaunda yepasirese yekufamba.

Indasitiri yezvekushanya yepasi rose yakatarisana nezvipingaidzo zvakakura mumakore mashoma apfuura, nedenda reCCIDID-19 rinoshanda sechinhu chinoparadza pakufamba, kugamuchira vaeni, uye zvikamu zvakabatana. Nekudaro, nyika yave kuona kupora kwakasimba sezvo nyika dzine chinangwa chekudzoka kune pre-denda rekushanya. Pakati penyika dzakagadzirira kubatsirikana kubva mukutanga uku iUkraine neRussia, idzo dzaimbove nzvimbo dzine mukurumbira dzekushanya kusati kwatanga kurwisana uye denda.

Chibvumirano chinogona kumisa moto pakati peRussia neUkraine chinogona kuratidza shanduko kwete yehukama hwekudyidzana chete, asi kune indasitiri yekufambisa neyekushanya munyika mbiri idzi. Nekushanya kwave kuri mutyairi akakosha wehupfumi kuRussia neUkraine hondo isati yatanga, gadziriso inogona kuvhura nzira yechikamu chakamutsiridzwa. Sezvo zvirambidzo zvekufamba zvareruka uye nhaurirano dzerunyararo dzichienderera mberi, dunhu rinogona kuona kupora mukushanya kwenyika.

Indasitiri yekushanya muRussia: Mufananidzo weAzvino Mafambiro uye Remangwana Ramangwana

Russia, iyo nyika hombe pasi rose nenzvimbo yepasi, ine indasitiri yekushanya yakasiyana zvakasiyana, iyo inosanganisira zvese kubva kumararamiro ayo etsika kusvika kune akakura echisikigo nzvimbo. Pamberi pedenda uye neakazotevera geopolitical matambudziko, Russia yaive ichipupurira kukura kwakasimba muchikamu chayo chekushanya. Nekudaro, mamiriro ekushanya akachinja zvakanyanya mumakore mashoma apfuura nekuda kwekukanganisa kweCCIDID-19 denda uye, nguva pfupi yadarika, kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika, uko kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya kusvika kune dzimwe nyika. Chirevo ichi chinoongorora huwandu hwekushanya kweRussia kubva mumakore achangopfuura uye inoongorora fungidziro yeramangwana rechikamu.

Pre-Pandemic Trends (2019 uye yapfuura):

Denda risati rasvika, chikamu chekushanya kweRussia chaive padanho repamusoro. Muna 2019, Russia yakanyora pamusoro 25.5 mamirioni evashanyi vekunze maererano neUnited Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO), nekushanya kuri kupa zvingangoita 3.3% kune GDP yenyika. Misika yekutanga sosi yevashanyi yaive nyika dzakavakidzana seChina, Germany, neUnited States, asi Russia yakaonawo kuwedzera kwevashanyi kubva kunyika dziri kuEurope, Asia, uye Middle East.

Zvinhu zvikuru zvakakwezva vashanyi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika kuRussia zvaisanganisira nzvimbo dzetsika nedzekare dzeMoscow, St. Petersburg, neKazan, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvakadai seLake Baikal, Makomo eCaucasus, uye Kamchatka Peninsula. Idzi nzvimbo dzagara dzichionekwa sechiratidziro munyika yekushanya, ichipa zvese kubva kuhumambo hwekuvaka kusvika kusango risati rabatwa.

Mhedzisiro yeCOVID-19 Pandemic paRussia Tourism:

Kufanana nedzimwe nyika, chikamu chekushanya cheRussia chakakanganiswa zvakanyanya nedenda reCCIDID-19, nekuvhara miganhu, zvirambidzo munzvimbo, uye kudzikira kwakanyanya kwekufamba kwenyika. In 2020, vaisvika kune dzimwe nyika kuRussia vakaderera kusvika pasi pe mamiriyoni 2, kuderera kukuru kubva pavashanyi vane mamiriyoni 25 gore rapfuura. Kudzikira kwacho kwakakonzerwa nezvirambidzo zvekufamba kwepasirese, matanho ekuvhara, uye kudzikiswa kwakanyanya kwendege uye kushanya.

Mumba, Russia yakaonawo kudzikira kwakanyanya kwekushanya panguva yedenda iri, kunyangwe paine kuyedza kukurudzira vanhu vekuRussia kufamba mukati menyika, kunyanya kunzvimbo dzisina kukanganiswa nedenda. Nzvimbo dzakakurumbira dzekumba dzakadai Sochi, Krasnaya Polyana, Uye Gungwa Dema Gungwa yakaona kuwedzera kwekushanya kwomunzvimbomo, asi kuchinja uku kwakanga kusina kukwana kutsiva vashanyi vakarasika vokune dzimwe nyika.

Kudzoreredzwa Kwekushanya muna 2021 uye 2022:

By 2021, Russia yakatanga kuona zviratidzo zvekupora, kunyangwe huwandu hwacho hwakanga huchiri kure kubva kune pre-denda. International inosvika mu 2021 vakasvika pamusoro mamiriyoni 4.1, kuwedzera kubva mugore rapfuura, asi kuchiri kure nemamiriyoni e25.5 muna 2019. Kupora kwainyanya kutungamirirwa nenyika dzakavakidzana, kunyanya dziri mukati meCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS), dzakadai se. Khazakisitani, Bherarusi, uye Azabhaijani.

In 2022, zvisinei nekusawirirana kwenyika dzese, Russia yakawana kupora zvine mwero mukushanya kwemumba, nenhamba dzichikwira zvishoma nezvishoma dzichidzokera kunenge. 7.1 mamirioni evashanyi vekunze. Hurumende yeRussia yakaunza marongero matsva uye zvinokurudzira kusimudzira kushanya kwemumba, kusanganisira kukurudzira vanhu vekuRussia kuti vaongorore matunhu asinganyanyozivikanwa munyika yavo. Pamusoro pezvo, kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvekufamba mudzimba uye kudzoreredzwa kwezvimwe zvirambidzo zvakabatsira mukusimudzira chikamu chezvekushanya kwenyika.

Geopolitical Impact paRussia Tourism:

The geopolitical crisis in Ukireni in 2022 uye zvakazoitika zvakakanganisa zvakanyanya chikamu chekushanya, sezvo nyika zhinji dzakaisa zvirambidzo zvekufamba kana kunyevera nezvekuenda kuRussia. Nekudaro, kunyangwe zvirango uye kurambidzwa kufamba, Russia yakatarisa kuedza kwayo kukwezva vashanyi vanobva kunyika dzakachengeta hukama hwekudyidzana, kusanganisira idzo dziri Asia, ivo Middle East, uye Latin America.

Somugumisiro, iyo Chinese musika, kunyanya, watonyanya kukosha kune yeRussia yekushanya chikamu. In 2023, pamusoro mamiriyoni 2.5 vashanyi kubva China akashanyira Russia, zvichiita kuti ive musika mukuru kune vashanyi vekunze. Kuwedzera uku kunokonzerwa nekukwira kwekushanya kwemusha muChina uye kuedza kwakaitwa nemasangano eRussia ekushanya kukwezva vafambi veChinese kuburikidza nendege dzakananga, kufambisa vhiza, uye kushambadzira kwakanangwa.

Tourism Projections ye2024 uye Kupfuura:

Tichitarisa kumberi, Russia yakaisa zvinangwa zvekusimudzira kumutsiridza chikamu chayo chekushanya. Hurumende iri kunanga 50 miriyoni vashanyi vekunze panosvika 2025, nechinangwa chekudzoreredza indasitiri yezvekushanya munyika kusimba rayo rekutanga denda. Chinangwa ichi chinoda kuisirwa mari kwakakosha muzvivakwa, kushambadzira, uye kudyidzana nedzimwe nyika, pamwe chete nematanho ekudzikisa njodzi dziri kuitika dzezvematongerwo enyika.

Russia iri kutarisa zvakare mukuvandudzwa kwezviitiko zvitsva zvekushanya zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekufamba kwepasirese. Izvi zvinosanganisira eco-Tourism, adventure tourism, uye wellness tourism, zvose zvinotarisirwa kukwezva vateereri vatsva. Pane kuedza kupinda mukati umbozha tourism musika, uchisimudzira tsika yeRussia yakakura nhaka uye runako rwechisikigo kugadzira ega zviitiko zvekufamba kune vashanyi vepamusoro.

Uyezve, Russia iri kusimudzira yayo Matunhu ekuMabvazuva, zvakaita se Kamchatka, Sakhalin, uye Lake baikal, izvo zvinopa zvisingaenzaniswi nzvimbo dzechisikigo uye mikana yezviitiko zvekunze sekufamba, kutarisa mhuka dzesango, uye mitambo yakanyanyisa. Kuwedzera kufarira mu kushanya kwakasimba uye kure-kunorohwa-nzira kuenda inogona kupa Russia mukana wakasarudzika wemakwikwi.

Matambudziko Akakosha eKushanya kweRussia:

Zvisinei netarisiro ine tariro, Russia yakatarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvakakura mukugadzirisa kwayo kushanya. Mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika anoramba asingafungidzike, uye hukama hwepasi rose neWest hucharamba huchikanganisa kuyerera kwevashanyi vanobva kuEurope neNorth America. Uyezve, sanctions pamusoro pendege dzeRussia uye masevhisi ekushanya, pamwe nekuchinja kwepasirese kwemaitiro evatengi kune kusimudzira, zvinoda kugadziridzwa kwehunyanzvi.

Pamusoro pezvo, kushomeka kwekubatana kwemhepo kwakanangana nenzvimbo zhinji dzepasirese kuri kuramba kuchikanganisa kukura kwekushanya. Sezvo kufamba nendege kuchiri chinhu chakakosha mukubudirira kwechikamu chekushanya, kugadzirisa nyaya dzine chekuita nendege, mavhiza, uye zvivakwa zvichave zvakakosha mukupora kwenguva refu kweRussia.

Tourism muUkraine neRussia yanga iri padanho repamusoro denda risati raitika, nemamirioni evashanyi vaishanyira nyika mbiri idzi nekuda kwenhoroondo yavo yakapfuma, tsika dzakasimba, uye nzvimbo dzinoshamisa. Kubva muna 2019, Ukraine yakagamuchira vanopfuura mamirioni gumi nemana vashanyi vekunze, uye Russia yakatambira vashanyi vanosvika mamirioni makumi maviri neshanu, sekureva kweUNWTO data. Nyika mbiri idzi dzaibatsirwa nekuwedzera kuri kuita kushanya, kunyanya mumaguta akaita seKyiv, St. Petersburg, neMoscow. Nekudaro, kutanga kwedenda uye, nguva pfupi yadarika, hondo, yakakanganisa zvakanyanya kufamba, zvichigadzira matambudziko kwete ehupfumi hwepamba chete asi nekushanya kwepasirese zvakare.

Pre-Pandemic Tourism muRussia neUkraine: Makiyi Statistics

Denda risati rasvika, Russia yaive imwe yenyika dzakashanyirwa zvakanyanya muEurope, ichikwevera vashanyi kubva kumativi ese epasi nekuda kwenzvimbo dzayo dzinoshamisa dzenhoroondo, zvimiro zvetsika, uye zvishamiso zvakasikwa. Moscow neSt. Petersburg dzainyanya kufarirwa, uye yaimbove muzinda wemabhizimisi epasi rose uye kushanya kwetsika, uye yekupedzisira ichizivikanwa nenzvimbo dzayo dzenhoroondo dzakaita seHermitage Museum uye yeSt. Isaac's Cathedral. Kushanya kweRussia kwakabatsirwawo nenhamba iri kuramba ichikura yevashanyi vekunze vakakwezvwa kunzvimbo dzeUNESCO World Heritage nzvimbo dzenyika, kubva kuKremlin muMoscow kusvika kuLake Baikal kuSiberia.

Saizvozvovo, Ukraine yakanga ichiwedzera kufarirwa nzvimbo yevafambi vanotsvaga yakasarudzika tsika, kunyanya muKyiv neLviv. Nhoroondo yakapfuma yeUkraine, hunyanzvi hwekuita, uye nzira dzekufamba dzinodhura dzakaita kuti ive chinhu chakavanzika kune vashanyi muEurope. Mhenderekedzo yaro yeGungwa Dzvuku yakakwezva vanoenda kumahombekombe, nepo maguta akaita seOdesa neKyiv aizivikanwa nehupenyu hwavo hwehusiku hwakajeka uye nhoroondo dzenhoroondo. Bato rekushanya muUkraine rakanga richikura zvishoma nezvishoma, richikwezva mamiriyoni evashanyi vemarudzi ose gore negore.

Muna 2019, Ukraine yakanyora mamirioni gumi nemana nemazana maviri evakasvika kune dzimwe nyika, uye Russia yakaona vashanyi mamirioni makumi maviri neshanu, zvichiita kuti nyika mbiri idzi dzive vatambi vakakosha mumusika wekushanya weEurope. Nhamba idzi dzakaratidza kukwezva kwakasiyana-siyana kwemarudzi ose ari maviri, nevashanyi vachidirana kumizinda mikuru yeRussia uye zviyeuchidzo zvenhoroondo, pamwe chete nemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka eUkraine nenhaka yetsika yakasiyana. Kukura kwe-pre-denda kwaitarisirwa kuenderera mberi, nekushanya kwakaiswa kupa zvakanyanya kune ese ari maviri hupfumi.

Kudzoreredzwa Kwekushanya muRussia neUkraine: Nzira Yokutangazve

The tourism sectors of both Rashiya uye Ukireni vakatarisana nekukanganisika kwakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekunetsana kwezvematongerwo enyika, COVID-19 denda, uye hondo irikuenderera mberi. Zvipingamupinyi izvi zvisati zvaitika, nyika mbiri idzi dzaive dzichiona kukura kwakanyanya mukusvika kwevashanyi vepasirese, nekuda kwehupfumi hwavo hwetsika, zviratidziro zvenhoroondo, uye nzvimbo dzinoshamisa. Zvisinei, nzira yekudzorera yakazara nematambudziko, uye remangwana rekushanyirwa munyika idzi rinonyanya kuenderana nekugadziriswa kwemakakatanwa uye kudzorerwa kwekugadzikana kwenyika yose.

Tourism muRussia: Kurwira Kuwanazve Momentum

Pamberi pechirwere, Rashiya yakanga iri nzvimbo yakakurumbira yevashanyi, ichikwezva mamiriyoni evashanyi gore negore. Maguta akasimba enyika yacho akadai seMoscow neSt. Petersburg, akapfuma munhoroondo netsika, pamwe chete nezvishamiso zvomusikirwo zveSiberia neLake Baikal, zvakaita kuti pave neboka rokushanya richibudirira. Muna 2019, Rashiya yakarekodha 25.5 miriyoni vashanyi vekunze, nekushanya kuri kupa chikamu chakakosha kuhupfumi.

Nekudaro, kutanga kwedenda reCCIDID-19 muna 2020 uye kusawirirana kwakazotevera kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya indasitiri yekushanya yeRussia. Pakazosvika 2022, vanosvika kune dzimwe nyika vakanga vadzikira kusvika pakaderera zvinokatyamadza mazana maviri nemazana maviri, zvichimiririra kudzikira kwe200,100% kubva padanho rekutanga denda. Kudzikira uku kwakakonzerwa nemusanganiswa wezvinhu, zvinosanganisira kurambidzwa kufamba, zvirambidzo, uye kuwedzera kusagutsikana kwenyika zvichitevera zvakaitwa nemauto eRussia muUkraine.

Pasinei nematambudziko aya, Rashiya yakaita nhanho kumutsiridza chikamu chayo chekushanya. Muna 2023, vashanyi vepasirese vanosvika vakawedzera zvine mwero kusvika 8.21 miriyoni, zvichiratidza kupora zvishoma. Izvi zvakanyanya kusundwa nekushanya kwemumba uye zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvakadzikama kudzoka kwevashanyi vekunze. Hurumende yeRussia yatorawo nhanho dzekuvandudza zvivakwa zvekushanya, kusanganisira kupa nzendo dzemahara kune vagari vanobva kunyika makumi matanhatu nenomwe uye kuwedzera nzira dzendege dzepasirese.

Kutarisira kumberi, Rashiya ine chinangwa chekukwezva vashanyi vekunze vanosvika miriyoni makumi mashanu panosvika gore ra50. Chinangwa chikuru ichi chinoda kuedza kwakasimba kwekushambadzira, kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa, uye kugadzirisa nyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika dziripo. Kunyange nyika iine mukana wakakura wekupora, inofanirwa kutanga yagadzirisa zvirango zvepasi rose uye zvirambidzo zvekufamba zvakaiswa nekuda kwekunetsana muUkraine.

Chikamu chekushanya kweRussia chiri kutarisa zvakare kushanya kwemumba senzira yekudzoreredza, nevakawanda vekuRussia vachisarudza kufamba mudzimba nekuda kwekuzviparadzanisa nedzimwe nyika. Nekudaro, musika wekushanya wepasi rose unoramba uri chinhu chakakosha pakupora kwenyika, uye mhedzisiro yekunetsana kuri kuitika ichave yakakosha mukuona kugona kweRussia kudzoreredza chimiro chayo senzvimbo yakakosha yekushanya kwepasirese.

Ukraine: The Impact of Conflict on Tourism

Chikamu chekushanya cheUkraine chakatamburawo zvakanyanya nekuda kwehondo irikuenderera mberi. Kurwisana kusati kwaitika, Ukraine yakanga iri kubuda senzvimbo inoyevedza muEurope, ine maguta ayo ane simba, hupfumi hwetsika, uye nzira dzekufamba dzinokwanisika. Muna 2019, Ukireni yakagamuchira vashanyi vekunze vanosvika miriyoni gumi nemana, vakakweverwa kumaguta akaita seKyiv, Lviv, neOdesa. Nzvimbo dzenyika dzakanyorwa neUNESCO, mhenderekedzo yeGungwa Dzvuku, uye Makomo eCarpathian zvakapa zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvevafambi.

Nekudaro, iyo hondo yakatanga muna 2022 yakachinja zvakanyanya mamiriro ekushanya kweUkraine. Muna 2022, indasitiri yakaona kudzikira kwakanyanya kwevanosvika kune dzimwe nyika, sezvo kuraira kwekufamba uye kunetsekana kwekuchengetedza kwakaita kuti Ukraine isawanike kune vashanyi. Kukanganisa kwakanangana nekushanyirwa kwenyika kwakawedzerwa nekurwira kwenyika kuchengetedza runyararo nechengeteko, nenzvimbo huru dzenyika, kusanganisira nharaunda dzine mukurumbira dzevashanyi, dzichitambura nekukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nekukakavadzana.

Sezva 2023, Ukireni yakanyora vanhu vanosvika miriyoni 3.38 vekune dzimwe nyika, musiyano mukuru kune nhamba dzisati dzanetsana. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvakaratidza kupora, nhamba yacho yakanga ichiri pasi pezvaigona. Kupokana kurikuenderera mberi, pamwe nekuenderera mberi nekunetseka kwekuchengetedza, zvaireva kuti chikamu chekushanya cheUkraine hachikwanise kudzoka nekukurumidza sedzimwe nyika dzeEurope.

Tichitarisa kumberi, fungidziro yeindasitiri yekushanya yeUkraine ine tarisiro nehungwaru. Vanamazvikokota vanotenda kuti sezvo mabasa erunyararo achienderera mberi uye mamiriro ekuchengetedza achivandudza, kushanya kunozopora zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvakadaro, kupora uku kuchaenderana zvakanyanya nekugadziriswa kwegakava uye kugona kwenyika kuvaka patsva nekudzoreredza zvivakwa zvayo. Nepo matunhu akaita seKyiv neLviv aikwanisa kuona kudzoka kwevashanyi vekunze mumakore anotevera, kudzoreredza nyika yese kunotora nguva.

Iyo Nzira Yekudzoreredza: Inogoneka Mikana

Izvo zvinogona kupera kurwa pakati Rashiya uye Ukireni inopa chiedza chetariro kumapoka ezvekushanya enyika dzose dziri mbiri. Chibvumirano chekumisa kurwa chinogona kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa zvakanyanya, kudzoreredza chivimbo mukufamba, uye kuisa hwaro hwekudzokera kune pre-denda rekushanya. Kana runyararo rukavapo, musika wepasi rose wekushanyirwa ungangoona kuwanda kwevashanyi vekunze, vanoda kuongorora hupfumi hwetsika hweRussia uye nzvimbo dzinoyevedza dzeUkraine.

For Rashiya, kiyi yekubudirira ichave kuvakazve hukama nemisika yepasirese, uku uchipa zviitiko zvitsva zvekufamba uye sarudzo dzakasimba dzekushanya. Hurumende yeRussia yakatotanga kushambadza zvimiro zvetsika, runako rwechisikigo, uye nhoroondo yakapfuma senzira yekukwezva vashanyi kana runyararo rwadzorerwa.

In Ukireni, chikamu chekushanya chine mukana wekudzoka nekukurumidza, kunyanya nekudyara kwezvivakwa uye kudzoreredza kwenzvimbo dzetsika dzakakanganisika panguva yekunetsana. Hurumende yeUkraine zvakare inotarisirwa kukoshesa kushanya kwakasimba, eco-tourism, uye nhaka yetsika sechikamu chehurongwa hwayo hwekudzoreredza kwenguva refu.

Iyo Ceasefire Inogona Kumutsiridza Indasitiri Yekushanya

Kumiswa kwehondo kwemazuva makumi matatu pakati peRussia neUkraine kwasimudza tarisiro yekudzokera mukugadzikana mudunhu iri, kunyanya muchikamu chekushanya. Kana kumiswa kwehondo kukasvika, kurerutsira kweruvengo kunogona kubvumira kudzoka kwevashanyi vekunze kunyika mbiri idzi, sezvo nyaya dzekuchengetedza dzichidzikira uye kuwanikwa kuri nani. Kudzoreredzwa kwerunyararo kunogona kukurudzira kwete kushanya kwemukati chete asiwo kukwezva vashanyi vekune dzimwe nyika, zvichitungamira kumutsidziro mune zvese zviri zviviri nzendo dzinopinda nekunze.

For Rashiya, kupera kwegakava racho kunogona kuita kuti bhizimisi ridzokere nokukurumidza kune nzvimbo dzinoyevedza dziri munyika. Kremlin, Red Square, uye nzvimbo dzekare dzeSt. Bazi rekushanya, iro rakanga radzikira zvakanyanya nekuda kwekunetsana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye zvirango zvepasi rose, rinogona kumutsiridzwa, nekushanya kwetsika uye rwendo rwekutandara zvave kutangazve.

In Ukireni, kumisa kurwa kunogonawo kuratidza kudzoka kwevashanyi kumaguta akaita seKyiv, Lviv, neOdesa. Maguta aya, ayo aimbove nzvimbo dzekushanya, akange aona maindasitiri awo achiparara nekuda kwehondo. Zvisinei, runyararo rwaigona kudzosa vashanyi vakanga vambodirana kuUkraine nokuda kwemitengo yayo isingadhuri, nhoroondo yakapfuma, uye chimiro chetsika chinofadza. Kushanya kweUkraine kwaigona kubatsirwa kubva kune vashanyi vedunhu nevekunze, vanoda kuongorora zvinokwezva zverudzi, seMakomo eCarpathian, nhare dzenhoroondo, uye mitambo yetsika.

Kudzoka kwevashanyi kwaizofambisawo kumutsiridza hupfumi hwenyika, kuumba mikana yebasa muzvikamu zvekugamuchira vaenzi, zvekufambisa, nemamwewo. Nekushanya kuchipa mugove mukuru kuGDP yenyika dzose dziri mbiri, rugare runogona kuunza ruyamuro rwoupfumi runodiwa zvikuru.

Makiyi ekushanya Mafambiro Mushure meKumisa Hondo

Akawanda akakosha maitiro anogona kubuda muindasitiri yekushanya mukati Rashiya uye Ukireni post-ceasefire, nenyika mbiri dziri kubatsirwa kubva kune vashanyi vakawanda vanoda kushanya kana nyaya dzekuchengetedza dzagadziriswa. Aya maitiro anogona kusanganisira:

1. Cultural uye Historical Tourism: Nemaguta ane mifananidzo akaita seMoscow, St. Petersburg, Kyiv, neLviv, Russia neUkraine yaigona kuona kuwanda kwevashanyi vanofarira kuongorora hupfumi hwavo hwetsika. Vashanyi vaigona kudirana kumaguta kuti vaone zviratidziro zvenhoroondo, magaraji emifananidzo, uye zviitiko zvetsika, vaine tarisiro panhoroondo yeRussia neUkraine.
2. Nature uye Adventure Tourism: Nyika mbiri idzi dzinopa nzvimbo dzinoshamisa dzechisikigo, kubva kurenje reRussia rakakura kusvika kumahombekombe eGungwa Dzvuku reUkraine uye Carpathian Mountains. Kushanya kwekushanya, kusanganisira kukwira makomo, skiing, uye eco-tourism, inogona kuve dhizaini huru, inokwezva vafambi vanotsvaga akasiyana ekunze zviitiko.
3. Guta Kuputsika uye Kunyudzwa Kwetsika: Ukraine neRussia zvese zvine maguta ane chipatapata ane zvivakwa zvakasiyana, chikafu chakasiyana, uye zviitiko zvinofadza zvevaraidzo. Kudzoka kwekushanya kunogona kuve kwakanangana nekuzorora kwemaguta mapfupi, uko vashanyi vanogona kunakidzwa nekupa kwakapfuma kwemaguta etsika nemagariro ehusiku.
4. Sustainable Tourism+
5. Luxury Tourism: Nekukwanisa kudzoka kwevakapfuma vashanyi vepasirese, Russia neUkraine dzaigona kuona kukwira kwezviitiko zvekufamba-famba, kusanganisira mahotera eumbozha, kushanya kwakasarudzika, uye kudya kwakanaka, izvo zvaizowedzera kusimudzira hupfumi hwenzvimbo.

Tourism Data: Pre-Pandemic Trends uye Recovery Projections

Iyo tourism industry mu Ukireni uye Rashiya yakanga yatoratidza kukura kunokatyamadza denda risati rasvika. Kubva pane data ra2019:

• Ukireni: 14.2 miriyoni vashanyi vekune dzimwe nyika, nekushanya kunopa angangoita 5% kuGDP.
• Rashiya: 25.5 miriyoni vashanyi vekunze, vachipa ingangoita 3.3% kuGDP.

Kutevera denda iri, nyika mbiri dzakatarisana nematambudziko makuru, asi mafambiro epasirese, kunyanya muna 2023 na2024, anopa tarisiro yekushanya munyika mbiri idzi, kunze kwekunge kumisa kurwa uye kugadzikana kunodzoka.

Tourism muCIS Marudzi: Kudzoreredza, Kukura, uye Ramangwana Tarisiro (2022-2025)

Introduction:

The tourism industry mu Yenyika Dzese nyika, dzinosanganisira nyika 9 dzinotenderera kuEastern Europe, Central Asia, neCaucasus, dzakachinja zvakanyanya mumakore mashoma apfuura. Mamiriro ekunze ezvematongerwo enyika, COVID-19 denda, uye kusawirirana kwedunhu kwave nemhedzisiro yakananga pamafambiro ekufamba. Zvisinei, chikamu chekushanyirwa munyika dzeCIS chakaratidza kusimba, uye kubva muna 2022, kuedza kupora kwave kuenderera mberi, nekufungidzira kuvimbiswa kwe 2024 na 2025. Uyu mushumo unotarisa nzira yekudzoreredza yeCIS nyika's tourism sectors, kuongorora zvinhu zvakakosha zvinokanganisa kukura, matambudziko, uye kufungidzira kwemakore anotevera.

Mhedziso yeCIS Nyika

The URIKO HERE zvinosanganisira Rashiya, Arumeniya, Azabhaijani, Bherarusi, Khazakisitani, Kijisitani, Morodhovha, Tajikisitani, uye Tekimenisitani. Nyika idzi, kunyangwe dzakasiyana mune zvavanopa, dzinogovana zvimwe zvakafanana maererano netsika, nhoroondo, uye nharaunda zvinokwezva vashanyi. Nyika dzeCIS dzinozvirumbidza nenhoroondo dzakapfuma, nzvimbo dzakanaka, uye kusundidzira kuri kuwedzera kusimudzira zvivakwa zvekushanya kukwikwidza nenzvimbo dzepasirese.

Tourism Trends muCIS Nations (2022-2023)

Impact yeCOVID-19 uye Kudzoreredza muna 2022-2023

Denda reCOVID-19 rakakanganisa zvakanyanya kushanya kwepasirese mudunhu reCIS, sezvazvakaita pasi rose. Muna 2022, chikamu chekushanya chakatarisana nezvipingaidzo zvakakura, kusanganisira zvirambidzo zvekufamba, hutano nekuchengetedzeka, uye kudzikira kwendege dzepasirese. Nyika dzakadai Khazakisitani, Bherarusi, uye Rashiya zvakanyanyokanganiswa nezvirambidzo pakufamba kune dzimwe nyika. Zvisinei, dzimwe nyika dzeCIS dzakadai Arumeniya, Georgia, uye Azabhaijani vakawana kupora kuri nani nekuda kwekuva pedyo kwavo neEurope uye chikumbiro chavo sedzimwe nzvimbo dzekufambisa.

In 2022, Khazakisitani zvakanyorwa zvinenge 7.1 miriyoni vanosvika kune dzimwe nyika, inosundwa nekuwedzera kwekushanya kwemumba uye vashanyi vematunhu, kunyanya kubva kuRussia neCentral Asia. Kudyara kuri kuita nyika mukuvandudza zvivakwa uye kusimudzira eco-tourism kwakakonzera kukura uku.

Saizvozvowo, Arumeniya yakaona kudzokororwa kwakakosha muna 2022, kusvika mamiriyoni 1.5 vashanyi vepasirese, zvakanyanya kusundwa nekukosha kwayo kwenhoroondo uye kugona kwayo senzvimbo yekufambisa. Kuedza kwehurumende kusimudzira kushanya kwaisanganisira kutanga zvirongwa zvitsva zvekushambadzira uye kusimudzira nhaka yetsika dzeArmenia.

Azabhaijani, nemusanganiswa wayo wezvivakwa zvemazuva ano uye runako rwechisikigo, yakaratidzawo kupora kwakasimba. The 2022 nhamba dzakataridzwa mamiriyoni 2.2 vashanyi, zvichiratidza kubvondokera shure kubva padenda. Kutarisa kweAzerbaijan pakusiyanisa zvinopihwa zvekushanya, kusanganisira eco-kushanya uye rwendo rweumbozha, rwakaita basa rakakosha mukukwezva vashanyi vekunze.

Zvinetso muna 2023: Geopolitical Tensions uye Zvirango

Zvisinei nekuedza kudzoreredza, kusawirirana kwezvematongerwo enyika, kunyanya pakati peRussia neUkraine, kwakaramba kuchikanganisa kushanya munyika dzeCIS. 2023. Rashiya, senyika huru mudunhu iri, yakatarisana nekuparadzaniswa nedzimwe nyika, nezvirango uye kurambidzwa kufamba zvichikonzera kudzikira kwekufamba kubva kuRussia kuenda kuEurope nekuUnited States. Nekudaro, kushanya kwemumba uye kwedunhu kwakaramba kuchibudirira, uye kushanya kweRussia kunobuda kwakanangana Asia, Teki, uye kuMiddle East.

Munyika dzakadai Morodhovha uye Tajikisitani, kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye matambudziko ehupfumi akaita kuti zviome kukwezva nhamba huru dzevashanyi vekunze. Nyika idzi dzakangoona kupora zvishoma 2023, pamwe chete neMoldova ichigamuchira zvinenge 250,000 vashanyi vepasirese, nepo Tajikisitani zvakanyorwa 500,000.

Khazakisitani uye Uzebhekisitani vaive vakamisikidzwa zvirinani kuti vawedzere kushanya, nekukwira kwevafambi vanoziva bhajeti vachidirana kuCentral Asia nekuda kwekugona uye kuchengetedzeka. Uzebhekisitani, yakakurumbira nokuda kweSilk Road maguta eSamarkand neBukhara, yakanyora kuwedzera kunoshamisa mukushanya mu 2023, kusvika mamiriyoni 2.4 vashanyi vepasirese.

Tourism Outlook ye2024-2025

Kazakhstan neCentral Asia seMakiyi Ekukura Marike

Central Asia, kunyanya Khazakisitani, Uzebhekisitani, uye Kijisitani, inotarisirwa kuve mutambi akakosha muchikamu chekushanya mumakore anotevera. Kusiyanisa kwezvipo zvekushanya, kusanganisira eco-Tourism, adventure tourism, uye tsika nemagariro, inotarisirwa kuwedzera kuwedzera kukura. Kazakhstan iri kunanga mamiriyoni 10 vashanyi vepasirese panosvika 2025, nekutarisa Almaty uye Astana sehubs dzebhizinesi, nhandaro, uye MICE tourism.

Uzebhekisitani yakaisawo zvinangwa zvekushanya zvinoshuvira, kunanga mamiriyoni 5 vashanyi vepasirese kubudikidza 2025. Kutarisa kwenyika mukuchengetedza maguta ayo akanyorwa neUNESCO-akanyorwa Silk Road uye kusimudzira kushanya kwenhaka kunotarisirwa kuunza zvakakosha. Pamusoro pezvo, hurumende yakaita nhamburiko dzekuvandudza marongero evisa uye kufambisa kupinda kwevashanyi vekunze, izvo zvichabatsira kukwezva vashanyi vakawanda.

Kijisitani, inozivikanwa nekunaka kwayo kwechisikigo kunoshamisa uye kukura kwekushanya kwekushanya, iri kuonawo kukura kweeco-tourism. Sezvo vafambi vakawanda vachitsvaga nzvimbo dziri kure-iyo-inorohwa-nzira yekuenda, Kijisitani inotarisirwa kuona kuwedzera kwevashanyi vanosvika mumakore anotevera, vachisvika kusvika mamiriyoni 1 vashanyi kubudikidza 2025.

Kukura muArmenia, Azerbaijan, uye Georgia

Armenia, Azerbaijan, neGeorgia dzakagadzirirwawo kuona kukura kunoenderera mberi muzvikamu zvavo zvekushanya. Nhamba dzinofungidzirwa dzekushanya dzeArmenia dzinotarisirwa kusvika 2 miriyoni vashanyi panosvika 2025 sezvo ichiri kuramba ichiwedzera kukwezva kwayo kwenhoroondo uye kuswedera pedyo neEurope. Saizvozvo, Azerbaijan, nemusanganiswa wayo wakasarudzika wezvino uye zvechinyakare zvinopihwa zvekushanya, iri kutarisira kukwezva mamirioni matatu vashanyi panosvika 3.

Georgia, iyo yakazvimisikidza senzvimbo yakakosha yevashanyi ine musanganiswa wekushanya, tsika, uye kushanya kwewaini, iri kutarisira kuwedzera kwevashanyi vekunze, kusvika 5 miriyoni panosvika 2025.

Russia's Tourism Recovery Post-Sanctions

Kudzoreredza kwekushanya kweRussia inotarisirwa kuramba ichinonoka nekuda kweiyo geopolitical mamiriro. Nekudaro, sezvo zvirambidzo zvekufamba zvareruka, chikamu cheRussia chekushanya mudzimba chingangoramba chichikura, chichitsigirwa nevagari veRussia vari kuongorora nyika yavo yakakura uye vashanyi vedunhu. Sochi, Kazan, uye Saint Petersburg vanotarisirwa kuona kudzoka kwevashanyi, kunyanya kubva kunyika dzakadai China uye Teki.

Hurumende yeRussia ine hurongwa hwekusimudzira zvivakwa zvayo zvekushanya uye kupa kukurudzira kuvashanyi kuti vashanyire nzvimbo dzetsika, nzvimbo dzekutandarira, nenzvimbo dzechisikigo. Russia zvakare inovavarira kukwezva pamusoro 30 mamirioni evashanyi vekunze by 2025, kunyangwe izvi zvichinyanya kuenderana nemamiriro ekunze epasi rose.

Matambudziko muMoldova, Belarus, nedzimwe Nyika

Nyika dzakaita seMoldova, Belarus, neTajikistan dzakatarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvakakura mukukura kwekushanya nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye matambudziko ehupfumi. Sezvo nyika idzi dziri kushanda kuti dzigadzikane, kushanya kunotarisirwa kuona kukura kuri pakati nepakati, nekusimbisa tsika nemagariro uye eco-tourism.

Mhedziso: Ramangwana Rinovimbisa reRussia neUkraine's Tourism Sector

Kugona kupera kwehondo mukunetsana kuri kuitika pakati Rashiya uye Ukireni inogona kushanda sechinhu chakakosha shanduko kumatunhu ekushanya munyika mbiri idzi. Nekunetsekana kwekuchengetedza kwadzikiswa, kudzoka kwevashanyi vekunze kuRussia neUkraine hakungogone kusimudzira hupfumi hwavo chete asi zvakare kusimbisa nzvimbo yavo senzvimbo dzakakosha dzekushanya muEurope.

Nyika mbiri idzi dzine hupfumi hwetsika, kukosha kwenhoroondo, uye runako rwechisikigo iyo, kana ikatengeswa zvakanaka, inogona kuona maindasitiri avo ekushanya achidzokera, kana kutopfuura, pre-denda. Kupera kwemakakatanwa kwaizopa mukana wenguva itsva yekufamba, kusimudzira kudzoreredzwa kwehupfumi uye kukura kwekushanya kwenyika.

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